QPython3图形库是一个非常实用的工具,可以帮助Python开发者在移动设备上构建图形用户界面。QPython3图形库支持广泛的界面风格,从iOS、Android到平面设计、标准桌面应用程序的UI风格,其实现方法非常简便,只需要使用Python编写代码即可。
本文将详细讲解如何使用QPython3图形库实现天气预报应用程序。首先,我们需要一个API,以便从互联网获取天气数据。我们可以使用OpenWeatherMap提供的天气API,该API提供了许多天气数据,并且非常稳定、易于使用。
接下来,我们需要使用QPython3中的API——androidhelper——来获取设备的GPS位置。代码如下所示:
```
import androidhelper
droid = androidhelper.Android()
loc = droid.getLastKnownLocation().result
latitude = loc[latitude]
longitude = loc[longitude]
```
为了使用OpenWeatherMap的API,我们需要向其注册并获得一个API Key。将此API Key存储在一个名为config.cfg的文本文件中,以便于后续使用。
```
API_KEY = your_api_key_here
with open(config.cfg, w) as config:
config.write(API_KEY=+API_KEY)
```
接下来,我们可以将API Key和GPS位置传递给OpenWeatherMap API,并从其返回的JSON里提取必要的数据。天气数据通常包括当前温度、天气情况、风速等信息。
```
import requests
import json
with open(config.cfg, r) as config:
API_KEY = config.read().split( )[0].split(=)[1]
url = fhttp://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?lat={latitude}&lon={longitude}&appid={API_KEY}&units=metric
response = requests.get(url)
if response.status_code == 200:
data = json.loads(response.text)
temp = str(data[main][temp]) + °C
condition = data[weather][0][description]
wind_speed = str(data[wind][speed]) + m/s
```
接下来,我们可以使用QPython3图形库构建图形界面。我们将应用程序分成两个部分:顶部显示当天天气概要,底部显示未来三天的天气预报。
```
import androidhelper
import requests
import json
import urllib.request
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image
from android.graphics import Bitmap, BitmapFactory
import os
import time
import datetime
droid = androidhelper.Android()
loc = droid.getLastKnownLocation().result
latitude = loc[latitude]
longitude = loc[longitude]
with open (config.cfg, r) as config:
API_KEY = config.read().split( )[0].split(=)[1]
url = fhttp://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?lat={latitude}&lon={longitude}&appid={API_KEY}&units=metric
response = requests.get(url)
if response.status_code == 200:
data = json.loads(response.text)
temp = Temperature: +str(data[main][temp]) + °C
condition = Condition: +data[weather][0][description]
humidity = Humidity: +str(data[main][humidity])+ %
wind_speed = Wind Speed: +str(data[wind][speed])+ km/h
icon_url=http://openweathermap.org/img/w/+data[weather][0][icon]+.png
image = urllib.request.urlopen(icon_url).read()
stream = BytesIO(image)
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(stream)
image_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), weather_report.png)
settings = {bg: black, fg: white, font_size: 15}
days = [Today, Tomorrow]
for i in range(2, 5):
days.append((datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(days=i-1)).strftime(%A))
with open(image_path, w) as image_file:
image_file.write(image)
bmp = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, 100, 100, True)
canvas.drawBitmap(bmp, 10, 10, None)
canvas.drawText(temp, bmp.width+20, 40, settings)
canvas.drawText(condition, bmp.width+20, 60, settings)
canvas.drawText(humidity, bmp.width+20, 80, settings)
canvas.drawText(wind_speed, bmp.width+20, 100, settings)
for i, day in enumerate(days):
icon_url=http://openweathermap.org/img/w/{}.png.format(data[forecast][list][i][weather][0][icon])
image = urllib.request.urlopen(icon_url).read()
stream = BytesIO(image)
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(stream)
image_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), weather_report_ + str(i) + .png)
bmp = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, 50, 50, True)
canvas.drawBitmap(bmp, i*65, bmp.height+40, None)
high_temp = str(data[forecast][list][i][temp][max])
low_temp = str(data[forecast][list][i][temp][min])
canvas.drawText(High: + high_temp + °C, i*65, bitmap.height+100, settings)
canvas.drawText(Low: + low_temp + °C, i*65, bitmap.height+120, settings)
canvas.drawText(day, i*65, bitmap.height+140, settings)
image_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), weather_report.png)
with open(image_path, wb) as image_file:
canvas.getImage().compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, image_file)
droid.smsSend(, [image_path.encode(utf-8)])
```
最后,我们使用QPython3图形库提供的Android API将应用程序以一种易于使用和直观的方式发送给用户。代码将应用程序作为MMS短信发送给用户,以便他们可以在移动设备上查看天气预报。
```
image_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), weather_report.png)
with open(image_path, wb) as image_file:
canvas.getImage().compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, image_file)
droid.smsSend(, [image_path.encode(utf-8)])
```
通过这个实现例子,我们可以看到QPython3图形库非常强大和实用,帮助我们在移动设备上开发图形应用程序变得十分容易。无论是在教育、娱乐或是商业应用中,QPython3图形库的实现都极具潜力,不仅方便了用户,也让开发者的生活更加便利。